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Significant Impact of Coffee Consumption on MR-Based Measures of Cardiac Function in a Population-Based Cohort Study without Manifest Cardiovascular Disease.
Beller, E, Lorbeer, R, Keeser, D, Galiè, F, Meinel, FG, Grosu, S, Bamberg, F, Storz, C, Schlett, CL, Peters, A, et al
Nutrients. 2021;(4)
Abstract
Subclinical effects of coffee consumption (CC) with regard to metabolic, cardiac, and neurological complications were evaluated using a whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol. A blended approach was used to estimate habitual CC in a population-based study cohort without a history of cardiovascular disease. Associations of CC with MRI markers of gray matter volume, white matter hyperintensities, cerebral microhemorrhages, total and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), hepatic proton density fat fraction, early/late diastolic filling rate, end-diastolic/-systolic and stroke volume, ejection fraction, peak ejection rate, and myocardial mass were evaluated by linear regression. In our analysis with 132 women and 168 men, CC was positively associated with MR-based cardiac function parameters including late diastolic filling rate, stroke volume (p < 0.01 each), and ejection fraction (p < 0.05) when adjusting for age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, cholesterol, and alcohol consumption. CC was inversely associated with VAT independent of demographic variables and cardiovascular risk factors (p < 0.05), but this association did not remain significant after additional adjustment for alcohol consumption. CC was not significantly associated with potential neurodegeneration. We found a significant positive and independent association between CC and MRI-based systolic and diastolic cardiac function. CC was also inversely associated with VAT but not independent of alcohol consumption.
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Vertebral Bone Marrow Fat Is independently Associated to VAT but Not to SAT: KORA FF4-Whole-Body MR Imaging in a Population-Based Cohort.
Hasic, D, Lorbeer, R, Bertheau, RC, Machann, J, Rospleszcz, S, Nattenmüller, J, Rathmann, W, Peters, A, Bamberg, F, Schlett, CL
Nutrients. 2020;(5)
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to assess the relationship of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) content to abdominal fat depots, including visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), as well as cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) beyond physical activity in a population-based cohort study undergoing whole-body magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Subjects of the Cooperative Health Research in the Augsburg Region (KORA) FF4 study without known cardiovascular disease underwent fat fraction quantification in vertebrae (BMATL1/L2) via a 2-point T1-weighted volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) Dixon sequence. The same MR sequence was applied to quantify VAT and SAT volume. Subjects' characteristics, including physical activity, were determined through standardized exams and self-assessment questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate linear regression were applied. In the cohort of 378 subjects (56 ± 9.1years; 42.1% female), BMATL1/L2 was 54.3 ± 10.1%, VAT was 4.54 ± 2.71 L, and SAT was 8.10 ± 3.68 L. VAT differed significantly across BMATL1/L2 tertiles (3.60 ± 2.76 vs. 4.92 ± 2.66 vs. 5.11 ± 2.48; p < 0.001), there was no significant differences for SAT (p = 0.39). In the fully adjusted model, VAT remained positively associated with BMATL1/L2 (β = 0.53, p = 0.03). Furthermore, BMATL1/L2 was associated with age (β = 5.40 per 10-years, p < 0.001), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; β = 1.55 per 1%, p = 0.04), lipids (β = 0.20 per 10 mg/dL triglycerides; β = 0.40 per 10 mg/dL low-density lipoprotein (LDL); β =-3.21 lipid-lowering medication; all p < 0.05), and less physical activity (β = 3.7 "no or nearly no exercise" as compared to "≥2 h per week, regularly", p = 0.003); gender was not significantly different (p = 0.57). In the population-based cohort, VAT but not SAT were associated with higher BMATL1/L2 independently of physical activity and other cardiovascular risk factors. Further, BMATL1/L2 increased with older age, less physical activity, higher HbA1c, and increased lipids but decreased with lipid-lowering medication.
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Isocaloric Substitution of Dietary Carbohydrate Intake with Fat Intake and MRI-Determined Total Volumes of Visceral, Subcutaneous and Hepatic Fat Content in Middle-Aged Adults.
Meisinger, C, Rospleszcz, S, Wintermeyer, E, Lorbeer, R, Thorand, B, Bamberg, F, Peters, A, Schlett, CL, Linseisen, J
Nutrients. 2019;11(5)
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Obesity, a worldwide epidemic due to the availability of many unhealthy food options and limited physical exercise, is a known risk factor for many metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of carbohydrate intake and isocaloric substitution with different types of fat as determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The study’s analysis was based on the KORA-FF4 study, the second follow-up study of the KORA Survey S4. A total of 400 individuals participated in the FF4 study, from which 283 participants were included in this analysis. Results indicate an association between fat accumulation at specific anatomic locations and macronutrient composition among the participants. The isocaloric substitution of carbohydrates with fat was associated with higher hepatic (related to the liver) fat content and visceral fat accumulation. Authors conclude that the study’s findings can contribute towards the long-lasting discussion about a diet’s optimal fat content.
Abstract
The present study investigated the association of carbohydrate intake and isocaloric substitution with different types of fat with visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and hepatic fat content as determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Data from 283 participants (mean age 56.1 ± 9.0 years) from the MRI sub study of the KORA FF4 study were included. VAT, SAT and total body fat were quantified by a volume-interpolated VIBE-T1w-Dixon MR sequence. Hepatic fat content was determined as the proton density fat-fraction (PDFF) derived from multiecho-T1w MR sequence. Dietary intake was estimated using information provided by two different instruments, that is, repeated 24-h food lists and a food frequency questionnaire. Replacing total carbohydrates with an isoenergetic amount of total fat was significantly positively associated with VAT and hepatic fat, while there was no significant association with SAT. The multivariable adjusted β-coefficient for replacing 5% of total energy (5E%) carbohydrates with total fat was 0.42 L (95% CI: 0.04, 0.79) for VAT. A substitution in total fat intake by 5E% was associated with a significant increase in liver fat content by 23% (p-value 0.004). If reproduced in prospective studies, such findings would strongly argue for limiting dietary fat intake.
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Characteristics and associated risk factors of diverticular disease assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in subjects from a Western general population.
Storz, C, Rothenbacher, T, Rospleszcz, S, Linseisen, J, Messmann, H, De Cecco, CN, Machann, J, Lorbeer, R, Kiefer, LS, Wintermeyer, E, et al
European radiology. 2019;(3):1094-1103
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diverticular disease represents an increasing pathology and healthcare burden worldwide. Our aim was to study the prevalence, extent and distribution of asymptomatic diverticular disease assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a sample of a Western population. METHODS Subjects from a population-based cohort study who underwent 3-T MRI were analyzed for the prevalence and extent of diverticula of the colon using an isotropic VIBE-Dixon gradient-echo sequence. The extent of diverticular disease was categorized according to the number of diverticula in each colonic segment. Univariate and adjusted analyses were performed to assess associated characteristics and risk factors. RESULTS Among 393 subjects included in the analysis (56.4 ± 9.2 years, 57.5% males), 164 (42%) had diverticular disease, with the highest prevalence in the left-sided colonic segments (93% diverticular disease in the descending and sigmoid segment). Subjects with advanced diverticular disease were older (62.1 vs. 54.4 years) and had a higher body mass index (BMI), LDL cholesterol levels and systolic blood pressure (30.2 ± 5.1 vs. 27.8 ± 4.9 kg/m2, 149.8 ± 29.3 vs. 135.2 ± 32.9 mg/dl and 128.2 ± 14.1 vs. 118.4 ± 16.1 mmHg, respectively; all p > 0.003) compared with subjects without diverticular disease. In contrast, no significant correlation could be found for gender, physical activity, smoking status and alcohol consumption (all p > 0.31). Intra-rater reliability was excellent for all colonic segments (intra-class correlation [ICC] = 0.99-1.00), and inter-rater reliability was excellent for left- and right-sided colonic segments (ICC = 0.84-0.97). CONCLUSIONS These findings provide insights into the disease mechanism of asymptomatic diverticular disease and may help to improve prevention of diverticulosis and its associated complications. KEY POINTS • Overall prevalence of asymptomatic diverticular disease assessed by MRI was 42%, affecting predominantly the left-sided colon. • Asymptomatic diverticular disease was associated with age and cardiometabolic risk factors. • Magnetic resonance imaging reveals insights into the pathophysiologic mechanism of asymptomatic diverticular disease.
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Self-rated health and all-cause and cause-specific mortality of older adults: Individual data meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies in the CHANCES Consortium.
Bamia, C, Orfanos, P, Juerges, H, Schöttker, B, Brenner, H, Lorbeer, R, Aadahl, M, Matthews, CE, Klinaki, E, Katsoulis, M, et al
Maturitas. 2017;:37-44
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate, among the elderly, the association of self-rated health (SRH) with mortality, and to identify determinants of self-rating health as "at-least-good". STUDY DESIGN Individual data on SRH and important covariates were obtained for 424,791 European and United States residents, ≥60 years at recruitment (1982-2008), in eight prospective studies in the Consortium on Health and Ageing: Network of Cohorts in Europe and the United States (CHANCES). In each study, adjusted mortality ratios (hazard ratios, HRs) in relation to SRH were calculated and subsequently combined with random-effect meta-analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES All-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality. RESULTS Within the median 12.5 years of follow-up, 93,014 (22%) deaths occurred. SRH "fair" or "poor" vs. "at-least-good" was associated with increased mortality: HRs 1.46 (95% CI 1·23-1.74) and 2.31 (1.79-2.99), respectively. These associations were evident: for cardiovascular and, to a lesser extent, cancer mortality, and within-study, within-subgroup analyses. Accounting for lifestyle, sociodemographic, somatometric factors and, subsequently, for medical history explained only a modest amount of the unadjusted associations. Factors favourably associated with SRH were: sex (males), age (younger-old), education (high), marital status (married/cohabiting), physical activity (active), body mass index (non-obese), alcohol consumption (low to moderate) and previous morbidity (absence). CONCLUSION SRH provides a quick and simple tool for assessing health and identifying groups of elders at risk of early mortality that may be useful also in clinical settings. Modifying determinants of favourably rating health, e.g. by increasing physical activity and/or by eliminating obesity, may be important for older adults to "feel healthy" and "be healthy".
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A principal component meta-analysis on multiple anthropometric traits identifies novel loci for body shape.
Ried, JS, Jeff M, J, Chu, AY, Bragg-Gresham, JL, van Dongen, J, Huffman, JE, Ahluwalia, TS, Cadby, G, Eklund, N, Eriksson, J, et al
Nature communications. 2016;:13357
Abstract
Large consortia have revealed hundreds of genetic loci associated with anthropometric traits, one trait at a time. We examined whether genetic variants affect body shape as a composite phenotype that is represented by a combination of anthropometric traits. We developed an approach that calculates averaged PCs (AvPCs) representing body shape derived from six anthropometric traits (body mass index, height, weight, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio). The first four AvPCs explain >99% of the variability, are heritable, and associate with cardiometabolic outcomes. We performed genome-wide association analyses for each body shape composite phenotype across 65 studies and meta-analysed summary statistics. We identify six novel loci: LEMD2 and CD47 for AvPC1, RPS6KA5/C14orf159 and GANAB for AvPC3, and ARL15 and ANP32 for AvPC4. Our findings highlight the value of using multiple traits to define complex phenotypes for discovery, which are not captured by single-trait analyses, and may shed light onto new pathways.